How the spark plugs differ from glow - ?

Introduction

Combustion engines are the basis for the operation of many motor vehicles. However, in order for them to function, appropriate elements are needed to initiate the ignition of the fuel-air mixture. Depending on the type of engine, spark plugs or glow plugs are used. In this article, we will discuss the differences between them, their history, principles of operation and application.

The History of Spark Plugs and Glow Plugs

The history of spark plugs dates back to the early 20th century, when gasoline engines began to be mass-produced. The first spark plugs were simple in design, but quickly evolved to meet the demands of increasing engine power and efficiency.

Glow plugs, in turn, appeared with the development of diesel engines in the 1930s. Their purpose was to enable these engines to be started in low temperatures, which had previously been a serious problem.

Operation of spark plugs

Spark plugs are used in petrol engines. Their main task is to create a spark that initiates the ignition of the fuel-air mixture in the cylinder. This process requires high voltage, which is supplied by the ignition system.

Spark plugs consist of a center electrode, a ground electrode, and an insulator. Modern models have improved materials such as iridium and platinum, which provide longer life and better performance.

Glow plug operation

Glow plugs are used in diesel engines. Their role is to heat the combustion chamber to a temperature that allows the fuel to self-ignite. In diesel engines, the mixture ignites as a result of high pressure and temperature, but at low temperatures this can be difficult.

Glow plugs consist of a heating element made of materials resistant to high temperatures. The heating process usually takes a few seconds, after which the engine can be started.

Key Differences Between Spark Plugs and Glow Plugs

The differences between spark plugs and glow plugs are mainly due to the type of engine they are used in. Spark plugs produce a spark, while glow plugs heat the combustion chamber.

The materials they are made from vary in their resistance to temperature and wear. In addition, spark plugs are usually replaced more often than glow plugs.

Comparison table

Characteristic	Spark plugs	Glow plugs
Engine type	Petrol	Diesel
Function	Creating a spark	Combustion chamber heating
Materials	Iridium, platinum	High temperature alloys
Replacement time	Every 30-50 thousand km	Every 100-150 thousandkm
Cold resistance	Low	High

Fuel consumption graph

The graph below shows a comparison of average fuel consumption between petrol and diesel engines:

Petrol engines: 8-12 l/100 km Diesel engines: 5-8 l/100 km

Diesel engines are characterized by lower fuel consumption, which is often a decisive factor when choosing a vehicle.

Application in practice

The choice between spark plugs and glow plugs depends on the type of engine in the vehicle. Gasoline engines are often used in passenger cars due to their simpler design and lower production costs. Diesel engines, on the other hand, are preferred in delivery vehicles and trucks, where efficiency and low operating costs are important.

Summary

Spark plugs and glow plugs play key roles in the operation of internal combustion engines. Although their functions are different, both types of plugs are essential for the proper operation of engines. Understanding the differences between them allows you to take better care of your vehicle and make informed choices when buying or servicing a car.